If the port numbers distinguish three groups: well known ( 0-1023 ) ports, registered ports ( 1024-49151 ) and dynamic / private ports ( 49152-65535 ). The Well – known ports include the well-known numbers for popular services such as HTTP, IMAP , POP3 , SMTP , Telnet , FTP , to name a few. TCP and UDP use often but not always the same port numbers, some port numbers are also only one of the two protocols used.

Registered ports are required for certain applications from manufacturers who installed one user. The administration tool for Linux Webmin server on port 10000 is one example. Or SIP to port 5060 ( SIP takes many VoIP services use and is an alternative to the proprietary Skype protocol). Or 3306 is used to access MySQL databases (MySQL a more widespread database that is used especially on Linux systems , and often in conjunction with the scripting language PHP). 8080 and 8008 are also relatively well-known port numbers because they are taken as an alternative to 80 ( if, for example, two Web servers running simultaneously on a system to operate , for example, an Apache and IIS, or an additional web server for testing purposes ).

The port list on your Linux computer and Ibm thinkpad t60 battery , see etc / services. In Windows XP, this overview is located at% WINDIR % \ system32 \ drivers \ etc \ services .

The dynamic / private ports are assigned to any application to be fixed and used as required . A list of port numbers can be found here with the IANA. How to proceed with open ports , read on the next page .

Ports Close to hedge

This allows a computer to communicate with the Internet , and must therefore necessarily be open some ports . Each open port is a potential conduit for attackers when listening on the port (that is standing ready ) application has a security hole. To get absolute certainty, would conclude all of the ports , but then no internet connection is possible. Ergo , some ports left open. Thus, a rule of thumb : So many ports as necessary and as few as possible open their doors. Concretely, this means that one service , you do not like , simply stops before one attacker exploits to hack into your system.

The users should know what ports are actually up to date on his computer and ibm thinkpad x61 tablet battery ,and listen to what applications accessible to the ports “. Ports for services that are needed , such as emails, for browsing , instant messaging , or because you do file sharing , should at least be monitored. For example, by a sniffer that records when and which data packets departed on what port to which destination or arriving. Wireshark is a suitable tool for this .

Services you need and therefore can not switch off , you should configure as possible , not that of any computer and ibm thinkpad x61 battery to access is possible, but only from certain computers, for example, only from PCs on your intranet . Under Linux you can access certain services in addition to also control via TCP wrappers ( hosts.allow and hosts.deny ). Also, you should configure your firewall so restrictive as it’s at all possible and reasonable. With a firewall you can protect your computer and data packets only after certain requirements – can happen , for example, only certain IP addresses – .

For each operating system , there are some simple tools that you can determine in seconds which ports are open on your system. These tools you should know and use at least one of them regularly to scan your computer or your home or corporate network gateways , before making an attacker.

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With the command tracert (Caution : avoid confusion with Linux, where the traceroute command is ) and the appropriate parameters to display the path and all intermediate points (called hops) a packet of data between two hosts. For example, type “tracert www.pcwelt.de ” one . They then learn that the data packet to pcwelt.de goes on – in our specific example see the screenshot – eight hops. Starting with the Fritzbox (which is our default gateway ) of six intermediate stations (for example, your ISP , various routers and gateways) to the destination server pcwelt.de . You also learn how much time the data packet from one station to the next file. For Tracert there under the Free and Shareware Visualization tools that provide a kind of map of the world , with the route of your parcel is located.

Tracert can be used both with an IP address as well as a host name. Tracert is to host the IP address.

The term describes the way TTL Time to Live the life of a data packet in the network. Maximum of one package may go over 255 router, which is Time to Live in each router transition ( Hop ) is reduced by one. TTL reaches 0 and it could not be delivered until then , the packet is discarded.

Pathping : combination of ping and tracert

Pathping is the development of the tracert and ping commands . The upper part of the output is largely the result of tracert . Including a detailed analysis followed by information for transmission of data packets on each hop. All the intermediate routers receive pings , respectively , based on their responses PathPing calculates a statistic. Packet loss and response time are displayed on each router, thus the causes for failure can be a route to quickly identify .

Net: Useful network commands

The net command family to provide a range of functions , not all are necessarily related to the network of your PC and inspiron 9300 battery. The net commands do also have to do with the Microsoft . NET Framework. Some examples of lists : net accounts on the user directives. Net local group shows the existing local user groups. With net local group / add / Tester you will add a new user group called testers. Net local group / add Neuert Tester adds the user Neuert added . With net user neuer_nutzer neues_passwort / add / insert the user with the password to neuer_nutzer neues_passwort .

Net share displays all shares on the local machine. With net share Name_des_freigegebenen_Laufwerks you can view details of the specified share . With ” net session ” to see who the Server is connected – this command is of course only on a server system and not on the client meaning. Net / ? shows all available net commands. net help COMMAND delivers the appropriate help information.

Netsh

Netsh is a shell for network commands dar. An example : You can see little need to uninstall IPV6 and completely reset the IP configuration (install state) with the command ” netsh interface ipv6 uninstall ” and ” netsh interface ip reset c : reset \ . txt. ”

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Myth 3 hardware firewall is better as a software firewall

In fact, the distinction between hardware,Dell inspiron 5000 battery and software firewall is wrong. Even on a hardware firewall software is running . Usually this is a Linux – based operating system with a packet filter. Like any other system can also have this vulnerability and be vulnerable . In fact, already had several suppliers of a hardware firewall to provide updates as their operating systems were dangerous gaps.

The strength of hardware firewalls is elsewhere : they work as opposed to a desktop firewall completely separate from your PC. They come so that the requirement for a firewall to separate two networks , better after (see box).

FIREWALL The FACTS do the programs really,So works a firewall: It separates two networks

A firewall separates two systems from each other. For home users that usually looks like this: On one side is the Internet, on the other one’s PC. The firewall is placed between them : either in the form of a DSL router , such as the widespread Fritzbox , or as a desktop firewall on the PC itself Ideally, both can complement – the protective functions of hardware box and desktop firewall itself .

Why you need a firewall: the only way to stay out worms

A firewall provides protection against malicious code . It blocks all unsolicited requests from the Internet and blocks it from pests , such as worms. This will succeed even in Windows security vulnerabilities , are ready for the no updates. A desktop firewall that runs directly on your PC and Dell latitude d400 battery, works also as an application filter – that is, you will alert you whenever a program wants to go online, where you have previously not expressly authorized . Above all, this function is the last bastion : If a malicious or spying program on anti-virus tool vorbeigeschmuggelt , you are aware , when it wants to establish contact with the Internet.

Weaknesses in a firewall: protection from viruses pry

There appear again and again on pests that bypass the protection and roundabout way to send data to the Internet . For example, take the virus with the rights of Internet Explorer’s connection to the Web. Other viruses can stop the firewall completely and delete , then undisturbed by sending data to the Internet.For example, take the virus with the rights of Internet Explorer’s connection to the Web. Other viruses can stop the firewall completely and delete , then undisturbed by sending data to the Internet.Finally, there is a risk that the firewall is configured incorrectly and thus fulfill their protective function can not.

Consequence: The best protection you get with the combination of hardware firewall (such as via a DSL router) and desktop firewall (such as ZoneAlarm Free , Version 7.0 for Win XP and 7.1 for Vista, Free).

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The diagnosis Tracert.exe command determines the route of data packets to a destination by ICMP echo packets (Internet Control Message Protocol) broadcasts. Convenient than the command line you use Tracert with 3D Traceroute. The biggest difference from the old-fashioned Windows counterpart: The freeware will show you the way through the Internet as a graphic to illustrate. The graph generated by the tool provides information not only about the number of intermediate stations, but also about their reaction.

Based on the graphic you see at a glance if disturbances occur, and if so, where. Over a number of settings set up the video output according to your pc and its vgp-bps9/s battery.

Visual Route does not, admittedly not quite as complex 3D graphics, this is the readability of the diagrams a trick better than 3D Traceroute. Even with this tool, the user simply URL or IP Adressse a one, and shortly thereafter VisualRoute shows which stations run on the packages. At each station, the tool provides detailed information.

Advanced Remote Info: collect status information on the web

With Advanced Remote Info administrators gather detailed information on Windows workstations. Subsequently, a report on each PC can be displayed. The report contains, among other things, a list of existing hardware and software that is currently logged on user and network configuration on PCs and its Sony vgp-bps8with Windows NT, 2000 or XP.

The scope of the freeware data can be exported for further processing in Excel or HTML format. In addition, other functions are available. For example, can delete file shares on remote computers or create new shares. The system administrator can also uninstall programs on a remote computer, shutdown or reboot can cause the network.

CurrPorts gain: Summary of open ports

No harm, it may be reviewed at regular intervals, which opens ports on the clients and are in use. Well suited for this is the freeware CurrPorts. To start the tool and assign software to the TCP port of the computer to check and let you know what ports programs with which protocols use some. Because the list also displays hidden processes, hidden malware to draw conclusions on possible.

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The tool PC Wizard 2010 comes from the same manufacturer as the popular program CPU -Z for the correct identification of the CPU and ThinkPad x40 battery . In addition to the EXE file for the installation, you can also create a zip file with an Standalone version of PC Wizard 2010 Download . Unzip this file into a separate folder (for example on a USB stick) and run the file “PC Wizard.exe .

When creating a report gives PC Wizard 2010 is also more options than SIW : Click the File menu , click Save as “. Now the tool allows you to either save only the currently displayed selection ( for example, ” System Summary ” ) or the results of a whole category (for example, ” hardware “). This allows you to limit the length of the report useful. Supported file formats are TXT , HTML , RTF , PDF and CSV.

Overall, the surface looks a bit tidier than in SIW , but you have to click several times to see the desired information. Would you like to see , for example, the driver version of the installed video card drivers, you need to left click on “Video “then click the Adapter tab , and finally to ” driver “.

An interesting option is the monitoring on the Windows desktop , as long as the program runs , you will see on the desktop important characteristics such as the CPU clock frequency or temperature . If you do not use this service, you can disable the monitoring in the “Tools” menu under ” Options – Monitoring – Desktop “. This change to take effect, you must start the program , however, new.

Even PC Wizard 2010 shows – as SiSoft Sandra – to network and PDF Printer. In the ” voltage, temperature and fan “you see next to the current temperature data, the rpm of the fan. The unit “rpm “means here the ” Rotary / Revolutions per minute ” , ie the number of revolutions per minute.

In the ” configuration ” is all about the operating system : In addition to the Windows serial number you see here for example the size of the swap file and a list of installed fonts. Also installed Windows updates lists the program. Under ” UpTime Statistics ” will reveal PC Wizard 2010, when the system was installed on this PC, how many restore points have since been set , and even how many blue screens the system has ever produced .

If hardware conflicts occur, you can under “Resources – interrupt request ” to control the assignment of hardware interrupts.

Conclusion:

SIW , SiSoft Sandra Lite and PC Wizard 2010 are a great way to explore the inner workings of the PC and thinkpad t43 battery , without using a screwdriver in his hand. In the meantime, the wealth of information also extends to peripheral devices , operating system and network configuration. Although none of the three featured products perfectly on its own is to leave all three together has it all and reveal nearly every detail about the hardware and the installed drivers. With each of the three programs , you can create a detailed report and thus the hardware characteristics permanently archived , without having to start every time a new diagnostic tool. SIW or PC Wizard 2010 can also start from the USB stick and carry it a diagnosis, without leaving a trace on that PC.

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Microsoft products such as Internet Explorer have been distributed too long a favorite target of hackers, malware. Today, however, also offers third-party software such as Adobe Reader hackers a chance to get to your data.

Install all security updates

Attackers have found that some third-party software, like Adobe Reader or Adobe Flash is to be installed virtually on any PC and have exploitable vulnerabilities. To protect themselves and Acer aspire 3000 battery against such threats, you can program how to use Secunia Personal Software Inspector to scan your system for applications that have known security holes and install the necessary updates.

You should update all your programs via currently hold forever. The About.com Antivirus software side is a good starting point to get this information. You can also use McAfee’s Avert Labs Threat Library use the latest threats from the Internet to learn about the.

Although the third-party software is probably the path of least resistance to hackers, the bad boys Microsoft products have not lost sight of. Windows users should then select the option to automatically update the Microsoft products enable and automate the download and installation of critical updates. The automatic update keeps the Windows operating system and Microsoft software, such as Internet Explorer and Office applications, up to date

Security myths

They are doing everything we can to ensure your data security? Or do you feel safe when you surf the net or download data ? Think about it again after we introduce you to five common safety myths about digital security.

I have nothing that would interest an attacker

Average users often think that the data on your computer and Apple PowerBook G4 battery only for themselves have some value , but not for others. Therefore, they worry not so much about the security of their data. However, there are three problems with this way of thinking. First, attackers will often not the data itself, but they want to take control of the computer for sending over this malware and spam to other users. Second, you may indeed be of view that are stored on your PC are not important or sensitive data, but often enough for an attacker ’s name, address and birth date from stealing your identity and to use such as social networks. And third, the attacks of hackers are mostly automated. Attacks are not usually addressed on a previously selected target , but can strike anyone.

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To bring laptops and cell phones everywhere is certainly very comfortable,when your dell xps m1210 battery is full. But that also means an increased risk of losing it or being robbed. If your notebook, netbook, mobile phone or other device falls into the wrong hands, unauthorized people can gain access to your personal information.

Encrypt Your Data

You can use programs such as Microsoft BitLocker encrypt your data. Unfortunately, BitLocker is only available for Windows Vista and Windows 7 available, and even there only in the Ultimate and Enterprise version. This tool will search in vain for the standard versions of operating systems.

Fortunately, BitLocker is not the only encryption program. Recommended also is TrueCrypt, which is downloadable for free with open source license. True Crypt allows you as BitLocker to protect your data from unwanted access by using encryption.

The encryption of data, however, has its drawbacks. The main disadvantage is that you always have to have password to hand. If you ever forget your encryption password and / or lose, you will quickly find out how safe your data is now in front of you.

Use secure passwords

If you look for the data encryption is too much work, you should at least use a secure password to protect your PC. Longer passwords are better, since one more time and computational effort it needs to crack. You should also replace certain letters with numbers and special characters. For example, you can instead “PCWeltMagazin” simply use “PCW31tM @ g @ zin. This password is still easy to remember, but it is due to the use of special characters, numbers and capital letters to crack or guess even more difficult.

You should always create a secure password to your PC user account, even if you’re the only person using the computer. However, you should be aware that a secure password to protect against attacks, although the normal way. Experienced hackers have, opportunities to through education and cultivation of certain hardware components such security lock bypass.

Use a BIOS Password

With a BIOS password or a hard disk drive ( or better yet, both) , you can be sure that no one except you can boot the computer. The BIOS is starting to vary from system to system. The apparent first screen when you boot up your computer shows which button you need to go into the BIOS settings. Usually these are the keys Del , Esc or F10.

Once opened you can find in the menu, the security settings. There you can set a password that other users prevents them and your inspiron 1525 battery from booting the PC or to get into the BIOS settings. The option is there from system to system, different names , but is usually called the supervisor password or administrator password . If you wish , you can also set up a hard drive password, which is not denied any access to the disk until the right password was typed .

There are ways to bypass these passwords , but by setting these passwords an additional safety barrier is installed , which will discourage some attackers to gain access to your data.

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Fake pop- up window will ask you to enter a cheat site , probably without you knowing it , malware installed on your computer. Recent versions of browsers and anti -virus programs have a built-in phishing protection that warns you to visit certain Internet sites. It is important to be aware that although the cheats pages , the program supplier databases are constantly updated, but they offer no 100 % protection . That is why you should get used to always see the first URL of the link, you want to click on . To make this easier to provide the Internet Explorer 8 and Chrome can highlight the main part of the URL – thick printed. So that you see inspiron 510m battery at a glance if you land on or www.pcwelt.de www.pcwelt.de.phishing – site.ru .

Text messages from Trojans

Some hackers use spam text messages to your mobile phone, which look as you would from the Internet provider or by the tax office. In text messages, you are lured to sites that install certain software , so your phone can be manipulated by user names , passwords and other data not bridged .

Visit the official main pages for updates and news

If you receive a text message that appears to come from a trusted source that requires of you but a piece of software to install or does so independently and requires your permission to proceed with the installation , close the text message immediately. Next, you should contact the customer service of the company or institution of which seemed to get the text message, and ask whether such an installation call was initiated officially.

You are probably many unsolicited e – mails from companies with which they had received contact. Some of these e -mails of you may even be considered spam , but will never send unsolicited reputable company links, and updates via e -mail. Nor do these companies will send unsolicited text messages to your mobile phone , asking you to carry out updates or software downloads or check your inspiron 3500 battery .

Attackers hope that you trust the company or institution blind and software updates or downloads are running only because the text message works official. As soon as the slightest suspicion that something is wrong , you should contact the customer service of that company as possible.

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Each user is survived by his own rich data track with his personal preferences. The books you read, the movies that you borrow ,and the Sony vgp-bps8 battery you bought the people with whom you converse, and the things that you buy yourself a real gold mine for search engines, advertisers and anyone sniff of a bit in your personal preferences wants.

Do you work with companies you trust

Be on the privacy regulations of the websites and services, aware that you use . And more importantly , restrict the Internet to a service where you can be sure your sin the information secure.

Use the private browsing mode

The current versions of Internet Explorer , Firefox , Safari and Chrome has the possibility of ” private browsing “. This option, like the InPrivate mode of Internet Explorer 8 or the private mode of Firefox 3.x, records no side paths , filled form fields , search fields, passwords and other details. This information is not retained by the cache of the browser or your password manager, after the browser is closed. So you can hold too curious colleagues or relatives of them to find sensitive data in the course .
Scareware

You are certainly aware of the variety of possibilities , such as phishing sites try to give you abzuluchsen your data. Like a weekend angler phishers use a bait such as an e – mail that looks as you would from a bank or the tax office to get you to lure one of your pages. Scareware She tries not to deceptively lure looking pages , but are , for example, the message that your system is infected with a virus and this can be stopped only by the xy “antivirus program “on page.

They do not bite on

If such a message suddenly find in your mailbox, the motto is only once : stop and think . For example, if no security software should be installed on your PC,how can it then comes a security alarm? Do you have an other security software, which already provides that malware can not put foot on your computer , why the program should then try to arrange an additional download to prevent the infection ? Find out how your look alarms anti – virus software , so you can see unmask fake alert messages.

Do not panic

Your computer and Sony vgp-bps8a batteryis usually already a certain anti -malware protection available. If not, then you should independently make use of a fake error message anyway thought, if your system is infected. The solution is simple : Scan your system with free online malware scanners such as Housecall or leave Microsoft’s Malicious Software Removal Tool even run . Once the scan is complete, regardless of whether malware was found or not, you should install an anti -malware application that protects your system in the future.

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Leave the settings and connect the iPhone via USB to your notebook and Dell latitude d820 battery. Now you find in Windows under Start / Control Panel in the Network Connection ” iPhone – the Internet is available.

This is indicated by the blue bar at the top of the window of the iPhone . To sever the connection , disconnect the USB connection .

By the way : Even with activated Tethering phone calls are possible. The iPhone also provides a precise control of how much data credit is available. Open the Settings and then select the General category. Then select use. Now you can read the screen at the end of the used dataset. And if the month is over, just tap Reset Statistics to restart the counter.

Who can not rely on tethering or Wi-Fi hotspots , you need a USB modem to surf on the move. It builds a bridge to the network and is pushed into a free USB slot on your notebook. Now you can connect to the Internet . With USB modems, one is bound to a particular telecom provider , and thus to his network. So choose one that provides for a good cell phone coverage. Exactly the same cover can be expected with the USB modem.

The prices are as varied as in the regular mobile phone rates. All have in common , however , that the amount of data is not important – it counts only the time used. However, when a certain amount of data obtained , the supplier reduce the data throughput for the remainder of the month , so it is enough just for a short surf trips and reading e -mails. In the new month again , the full performance.

Tip: There are notebooks and Dell inspiron e1705 battery, which already have a SIM card on board or provide an appropriate slot. If you buy such a device, you need an external USB modem. Notebooks with the SIM card are also available directly from telecom providers , usually at a very reasonable price , but while linked to a subscription.

Case of roaming costs
All prices mentioned connection speed in the air, when the roaming issue comes into play. It combines a mobile phone or USB stick with another network provider , because no one’s is unavailable.

Also near the border , you can tap in the roaming case, if the signal from the provider’s own weak and is strong across the border. When roaming , the agreed and ordered the transfer Abopl?ne expensive.

Term explains : SIM -Lock

Using SIM -Lock is restricted to use the phone so that it will only accept SIM cards from one vendor and / or from a particular country.

By Klaus Zellweger . The article is from our sister publication PCtipp .

Do you have the iPhone already once connected via USB to your laptop and installed, the activation of the tethering simple: Open the settings of the iPhone and tap the entry network. Go to the entry Internet Tethering and activate the tethering . Make sure also that the function of data roaming is off B – unless you are prepared in foreign or foreign networks to surf and according to pay.

Leave the settings and connect the iPhone via USB to your notebook and Dell latitude d820 battery. Now you find in Windows under Start / Control Panel in the Network Connection ” iPhone – the Internet is available.

This is indicated by the blue bar at the top of the window of the iPhone . To sever the connection , disconnect the USB connection .

By the way : Even with activated Tethering phone calls are possible. The iPhone also provides a precise control of how much data credit is available. Open the Settings and then select the General category. Then select use. Now you can read the screen at the end of the used dataset. And if the month is over, just tap Reset Statistics to restart the counter.

Who can not rely on tethering or Wi-Fi hotspots , you need a USB modem to surf on the move. It builds a bridge to the network and is pushed into a free USB slot on your notebook. Now you can connect to the Internet . With USB modems, one is bound to a particular telecom provider , and thus to his network. So choose one that provides for a good cell phone coverage. Exactly the same cover can be expected with the USB modem.

The prices are as varied as in the regular mobile phone rates. All have in common , however , that the amount of data is not important – it counts only the time used. However, when a certain amount of data obtained , the supplier reduce the data throughput for the remainder of the month , so it is enough just for a short surf trips and reading e -mails. In the new month again , the full performance.

Tip: There are notebooks and Dell inspiron e1705 battery, which already have a SIM card on board or provide an appropriate slot. If you buy such a device, you need an external USB modem. Notebooks with the SIM card are also available directly from telecom providers , usually at a very reasonable price , but while linked to a subscription.

Case of roaming costs
All prices mentioned connection speed in the air, when the roaming issue comes into play. It combines a mobile phone or USB stick with another network provider , because no one’s is unavailable.

Also near the border , you can tap in the roaming case, if the signal from the provider’s own weak and is strong across the border. When roaming , the agreed and ordered the transfer Aboplne expensive.

Term explains : SIM -Lock

Using SIM -Lock is restricted to use the phone so that it will only accept SIM cards from one vendor and / or from a particular country.

By Klaus Zellweger . The article is from our sister publication PCtipp .

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