Whether China should first hydrogen-powered vehicles
China should not be the development of hydrogen-powered? Domestic production of hydrogen-powered cars have the condition? After returning home, “Financial Times” reporter interviewed some of the automotive industry. It was generally believed that Digital Camera Battery China should not miss this golden opportunity.
“Chinese cars have gone many a tortuous, if we do not seize this opportunity, I will be the world’s automotive industry far behind.” China Automotive Technology and Research Center, an expert said.
A condition of anonymity told reporters that China’s domestic auto sector has been in electric vehicle development to go ahead in the world, in fact this is a misunderstanding. From an international point of view and pure electric cars are not the mainstream of technological development, while the hybrid, hydrogen-electric hybrid and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is the main technology trends. In this regard, China is not dominant.
He thinks that if China can introduce new hydrogen-electric hybrid, then we can adopt the company’s proposed energy DSLR Battery Grip conversion, from the short team, vehicles such as school buses, shuttle and so began a step by step construction of hydrogen refueling station. “This one step ahead of China’s automobile on the use of hydrogen can best solve the problem of pollution.”
According to company experts, energy conversion, hydrogen-electric hybrid’s biggest advantage, there is no pollution, and can reduce the greenhouse effect. In addition, the vehicle fuel that can be interchangeable, with either a hybrid, can also use pure battery at the same time, gasoline, diesel, natural gas and hydride batteries can be used simultaneously. Was slightly higher than ordinary vehicles, the cost of the car, but the social and high added value.
“China is the world’s automotive industry to play an important role. If the Chinese can be on this project developed a model of its own, it would not have followed behind Europe and the United States, repeating the old path traversed by the developed countries, but rather to establish its own automobile industry, auto industry into the 21st century leader. “During the interview, Mr. Ouqinsiji” Financial Times “has repeatedly emphasized this point.
The first commercial hydrogen-powered vehicles Canon BG-E2N Battery Grip in China, may take into reality
During the North American Auto Show, “Financial Times” reporter was invited to an interview of nearly two years, the reputation of reputations of the United States Energy Conversion Co., Ltd. (also known as ECD Ovonics). Into the company’s headquarters in Detroit, retro-known hydrogen-powered vehicles are quietly lying in the yard.
This is the world’s only two hydrogen-electric hybrid vehicle, one of the other a testing ground in California. During the North American Auto Show last year, this reporter had the privilege to test drive this car for the first time experienced the unique characteristics of hydrogen-powered vehicles.
During the interview, the company vice president Dr. Jiang Tingyi to the “Financial Times” revealed that, after a long period of research and preparation, the commercialization of hydrogen-powered vehicles already have the condition, they very much hope that with the Chinese car companies for mass production.
According to Dr Chiang introduced energy conversion company is working with operators in automobile production in China in preparation for the first mass production hydrogen-powered vehicles in the Chinese market has now been tested in some areas. “If successful, maybe last year or two will be put into Canon BG-E3 Battery Grip production.”
She told “Financial Times.”
This means that, if successful, the cooperation, China will become the world’s first commercial production of a hydrogen-powered vehicles country.
Abandon the “three” election China
According to most people’s understanding of energy conversion is a U.S. company, the preferred objective should be to the U.S. Big Three auto makers. However, the company’s decision-makers have their own unique views.
Their point of view is that the U.S. “Big Three” are now a leg to stand, and its complex structure, decision-making slow and inefficient. The Chinese auto companies thanks to government support and efficiency in decision-making it easier for co-operation, in addition, China’s huge auto market may also provide the basis for such cooperation.
“Financial Times” reporter notes that the company’s decision-making and R & D personnel in the part of the Chinese. This may be one of the reasons they choose to China. Dr Chiang told reporters that they next plan with China’s Ministry of Science and contacts to gain the support of government agencies to make projects more Canon BG-E5 Battery Grip smoothly.
China is now the company’s name on the energy conversion is not yet familiar. This is a 40-year history with a high-tech company, its president and chief scientist at Stanford Ouqinsiji (Stanford R. Ovshinsky) President, by “The Wall Street Journal” and other media as the “modern Edison,” GM Chairman yes Automotive, former chairman of the history of Dimpre Robert (Robert Stempel).
The company’s 70 years from the last century, began to study solar energy, 80 years for Hewlett-Packard PCs to provide solar cell; they nickel-metal hydride battery technology developed by a monopoly of patented technology, that global production of nickel-metal hydride batteries are the company’s technology licensing; In addition, the company also developed the world’s largest reserves of memory chips, used in Intel’s computer, all of the IT companies and was considered to be the mainstream of the next generation of chips.
“China now faces a significant energy problem, it must find sustainable fuel. Energy and information is the future of the two pillars of human society, while the hydrogen is the best energy solutions.” Mr. Ouqinsiji ” Financial Times “said.
Commercial potential into reality
To bring hydrogen-powered, it was generally appears first in mind, is General Motors a few years ago produced a concept car – hydrogen moving on the 1st. Retro 5′s fuel cell concept car, a General Motors development of environmentally friendly vehicles a milestone, served as a guide for men and women marathon car appeared at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. This car had also arrived in Beijing conducted a show, test drive, and trial ride event.
However, the GM for the development Canon BG-E6 Battery Grip of this vehicle paid a heavy price. The overall cost of the car is said to only 200 million U.S. dollars, but the total cost of R & D to reach more than 300 million U.S. dollars is huge. Due to cost reasons, the car is just flash in the pan has not subsequently put into commercial production. So far, GM hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicle research investment has been more than one billion U.S. dollars, and its technology has also been developed rapidly. However, according to concerned parties, if put into commercial production needs to take time.
The United States developed the first hydrogen-powered energy conversion, when the company is the adoption of Toyota’s Prius hybrid. However, hydrogen-electric hybrid technology, more complicated, they gradually gave up such a modification, re-engineering a new car instead. In February 2006, the company has set up a an advanced automotive technology center, the main research hybrid control technology.
It is reported that the biggest problem is the application of hydrogen storage, the company invented the solid-state hydrogen storage, its advantage is that storage of large, hydrogenation fast, high-performance. The commercialization of hydrogen-powered vehicles also become a reality.
The basic conditions of China’s lead industry,
China, as the world’s largest lead and zinc production and consumption countries in the non-ferrous metals production and consumption have created a serious shortage of resources, the situation, although China’s huge lead and zinc production in the world the position occupied by very important. However, lead and zinc resources in the follow-up is Canon EOS 20D Battery Grip very bad, the dependence of mineral resources is very great. In fact, importing large quantities of lead and zinc concentrates a large number of exports of lead and zinc products, lead and zinc industry’s overall efficiency is not high, but brought very heavy pressure on the environment, industrial restructuring has been looming.
This development trend, in September 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission and other ministries jointly issued “on the standard lead-zinc industry investment behavior to speed up industrial restructuring guidance.” The circular pointed out in support of renewable resources, recycling of lead and zinc, to encourage renewable metals industry to go large-scale, environment-friendly development. New Secondary Lead project, the scale must be between 1 million ton / year or more, prohibits the use of direct coal Secondary Lead project.
As the structural contradiction of China’s lead and zinc industry, there is no system of lead and zinc smelting business access, refining capacity has a serious surplus, so the country will be pursued vigorously lead-zinc industry adjustments. Next, focus on the implementation details, many companies talking about. October 13, 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission to convene the relevant enterprises in Beijing to discuss the implementation of specific measures, but no substantive progress, the enterprise’s point of view varies. Restrictions on backward technology, out of a small scale, backward technology, and heavily polluting production lines of action has not been carried out.
The basic situation of Secondary Lead Industry for the laptop battery
Secondary Lead production from China in 1990 to 28.2 thousand tons / year in 2003 increased to 282.5 thousand tons / year, this period, the Secondary Lead the country’s total annual output of lead production in proportion of between 9.27% ~ 28.84%. In 2005, the output of Regenerative Lead in China has reached 52 million ton / year, is China’s nonferrous metals industry is an important component.
Secondary Lead Production currently being undertaken by more than 300 enterprises, 95% are private enterprises, production capacity from the tens of tons to several thousand tons per year ranges from 20 thousand tons annual output of enterprises with more than a few. In the production process is also backward technology and equipment, mostly to a small number of comprehensive utilization of enterprises, environmental protection facilities, poor majority.
In 2005, China’s lead-acid battery production reached 66 million kVAh, sales reached 35 billion yuan. China’s lead-acid batteries continue to be mainly car batteries, accounting for 60% of total output to 70%; and an average annual increase rate of 18%. Electric bicycle and motorcycle batteries to increase range of greater average annual increase of 50%. The past five years, China’s export volume of accumulator 40% per year rate of increase, China has become the production and consumption of battery power, China has become the world’s cell processing base.
Secondary Lead has been widespread concern
Secondary Lead as a high-risk sectors of the whole society’s attention. This year in August, the news media reported the Hui County in Gansu lead-smelting of lead in the blood caused by excessive local farmers, the event, lead smelting blind development issue has again aroused great concern in society laptop batteries as a whole. In fact, the Secondary Lead production is also facing the same issues, especially lead-acid battery recycling is not a standardized management of channels across the country have been free to lead-acid battery recycling dismantling, acid everywhere emissions problems have been very serious. As soon as possible establish a standardized and orderly channels of lead recycling, the establishment of lead-acid battery recycling, storage and transportation, circulation and recycling management system is already very tight.
First of all, lead-acid battery recycling is a social problem. The main consumer areas of lead-acid batteries, lead consumption accounts for about 70%. The rapid development of China’s automobile industry, power industry is booming and the amount of lead-acid battery scrap also very considerable. Nevertheless, China’s Secondary Lead companies are facing a very embarrassing situation, large enterprises of raw materials tight, small businesses are popping up everywhere and wasted one of its drawbacks; the other problem is: to the environment caused by pollution and more troubles is a cause for concern.
Second, the lead-acid battery recycling and efficient use is the key to solve the Dell Battery Secondary Lead pollution problems. For a long time, China’s Secondary Lead recovery and utilization in a laissez-faire situation, which is to make some small businesses to perpetuate the social roots. Lead-acid batteries due to a high degree of dispersion together is very difficult, therefore, a number of small workshops will be able to shore up a few mouthfuls of big iron pot for coarse lead remelting, as one of the sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid lead how to deal with, the management did not bind. This is the Chinese smelters hundreds of wife and children to survive the key.
Third, the large-scale enterprises in the resource recycling Secondary Lead on exploration. Hubei Jinyang Metallurgical Co., Ltd. is a lead-acid battery-year deal with 120,000 tons annual output of lead and lead alloy 100 thousand tons of large-scale production of one of Secondary Lead. Hubei Province has now become a circular economy pilot units. Jiangsu Chunxing Group is a large Secondary Lead production company, with annual handling lead-acid batteries and other lead waste 150 thousand tons, production of lead and lead alloys production capacity of 100,000 tons. Not long ago, had adopted a national circular economy pilot implementation. Henan Yuguang Gold & Lead Group is China’s major zinc producers, has recently adopted a national circular economy pilot program. Companies from 2002 onwards, the use of oxygen bottom-blowing smelting technology, handled a total of 220,000 tons of waste batteries, recycling 140,000 tons of lead present, the annual handling capacity of waste batteries has reached the first peer.
Finally, the lead smelting enterprises to adopt a combination of lead with the native mode is intended to break through the bottleneck of Secondary Lead contamination. Henan Yuguang Gold & Lead Group melting system using oxygen bottom-blowing features wide adaptability of raw materials, 1691P, 1G222 battery lead and lead concentrate will be together at the end of oxygen blowing blast furnace mixing, for the settlement of galena resource constraints, and the other On the one hand an effective solution to the Secondary Lead the production process lead paste difficult to deal with the problems and Secondary Lead pollution a serious problem. At present, they produce 300,000 tons of electrolytic lead, Secondary Lead production account for 5 million tons. Lead in combination with the primary model of development, industrial development of China’s Secondary Lead useful exploration, and successfully opened a new type of Secondary Lead Industry development. Since the end of oxygen blowing process to overcome the many bottlenecks in the development of lead smelting, at present this technology is being rapidly expanded across the country, to lead smelting raising the level of overall technology and equipment of great significance.
